Is editing racial terminology appropriate in Puritan literature?

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In this day, I would footnote the word as suggested by many above. However, if I was reading aloud to most any group I would translate the word to something else on the fly. It is not worth the trouble.
Thats kind of what I decided on. I am going to change the word in the text, superscript it, and end note the original and the explanation for change. If by footnoting it, you mean leaving it in the text, then putting an explanation of its meaning somewhere close. I have decided against that.
 
The ignorant should be educated, not pandered to.
I wonder why pastors dont preach like seminary professors teach? I find it interesting that few will take up arms when the entire Puritan Paperback Series is edited to update archaic language. Yet, the thought of changing a word with obvious potential negative connotations is somehow stepping over the line? I am not considering the most educated, nor am I robbing someone of being informed of the contrast (hence the end notes.) What I am trying to do is not place a stumbling block within the text, that doesnt matter to most of us, for those with whom it may initially matter. The goal is the edification of the soul, not the building of vocabulary. My editing is an effort for spiritual, not scholastic improvement.

Owen uses it in his Epigrams, and Perkin uses it in his "Reformation Of Covetousness." I wonder if RHB included it within his works; or if Crossway will include it in their reprints? It is too late for me to search the former, and of what has been commented, I doubt the latter.
 
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Now this is interesting. RHB uses it, and Crossway doesnt (per previous report.) I think in this instance, I am going to have to side with the foremost Puritan publisher of our day. Since Perkins works were not done that long ago; and I am sure this whole discussion was meandered by people much wiser than me in this subject, especially about the future reach of these texts; and the potential problems this term may provoke, I am going to include the word(s) unaltered. It seems best to let experience set the standard in this matter. I know it may seem odd that this is the determining factor; but I really believe RHB wants to see everybody reading the Puritans too, and if they felt this would not be a stumbling block, its kind of good enough for me.
Thank you all for your comments and suggestions.
 
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I think the goal is to make the author’s meaning known to a modern audience so why not use updated language? I agree with the footnote suggestion and quoting original wording so you can show your translation/modernization choice transparently. Since you arent dealing with Scripture, I think you have some freedom.
 
I think the goal is to make the author’s meaning known to a modern audience so why not use updated language? I agree with the footnote suggestion and quoting original wording so you can show your translation/modernization choice transparently. Since you arent dealing with Scripture, I think you have some freedom.
Yes, there is a little freedom there. I tend not to mess with the text too much as I dont find the Puritan era literature that hard to read after dealing with it a bit. I mainly only update spelling, and correct non-spelling errors. My main contention was really the use of the word niggard, and niggardly.

Also, I dont remember if you remember the discussion we had on Zanchi's "Life Everlasting." A Work you said you were interested in reading, I think in a post you did about works regarding the "Knowledge of God." I have been in the process of slowly getting it from Harvard's Houghton Library, which will only scan 200 pages at a time. I am on my 4th request with them, (I now have 600 out of 800pgs) and should have the entirety of the work within the next 30 days, and as such I will be able to share it with you, because as of right now it is only available through Proquest; which makes sharing impossible.

Zanchi, Girolamo. Life everlasting: or, the true knowledge of one Jehovah, three Elohim, and Jesus Immanuel, Collected out of the best modern divines, and compiled into one volume by Robert Hill, Bachelor in Divinity, fellow of S .Johns College in Cambridge, and preacher of Gods word in S. Andrews in Norwich. Largely a translation and abridgement of Zanchi, Girolamo. De natura Dei.
 
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It is a serious question; if you cannot see it as such, so be it.

I cant access the NYT's article, it wants me to pay to view.

You were born too late, my friend. You would make a great "straight man" in a comedy vaudeville duet. Hahaha. You're a natural.

In all seriousness, it probably truly does develop when one spends long hours cataloging/editing etc. A lot of time in straightforward communication. I think it's a testament to your dedication and work ethic. Kudos to you!
 
Hello. While editing some of these Puritan works; I have noticed that the term "niggardly," "niggard," are used at times. Also, it seems it was not uncommon to compare the complexion of the "Moors" or "Black-moores" as a terminology for an unclean or darkened state or spirit. Given the historical racial oppression, especially in an American context, I have been personally using alternative language. For instance, for niggardly, I will use ungenerous, or stingy. In a work I am doing now, there was a sentence that went like "Black-Moors, children of the Ethiopians in the spiritual notion are most unlike God, and most distasteful to him;" and instead, I edited it (within brackets) "[Those of a darkened; or unclean spirit] are most unlike God, and most distasteful to him." My reason for doing this is, though there is no malice on the part of the original authors intent; yet, given our unique American context, little stuff like this may potentially ostracize an entire audience in which the pain of those words are still felt. Also, many of the ePublications I edit end up in African countries.

My question, is this wrong or dishonest of me? I really only want to see the Puritans spread and read to as many as possible. And see this stuff as little hick-ups in the difference of semantic acceptance between centuries; as opposed to a needfulness of preservation when the edification of a soul is at stake.
Hi davejonescue,
I think it's prudent of you. You don't want to alienate anyone your trying to communicate honestly with. It you know that a stranger may take offense at a word which has a modern vernacular connotation which is negative regardless of the true meaning, you may lose them and that's not the intent. It has more to do with being a peace with all men (Romans 12:18) rather than a moralistic question concerning honesty.
 
Just to remain honest; while editing the work I am doing, and after seeing "niggard" and "niggardly" in the text, I have thought it best to edit them as "ungenerous, stingy, miserly, or miser" where applicable; after reasonable consideration. At the top of each text I do now, and for the last several, I have put an indicator that "some archaic words may have been changed to more contemporary terms; though the alteration has been minimal." This is just what I have chosen to do; I know other people who edit texts may not tend to; but it just seems pertinent to reach the broadest audience possible. Realistically, most people wont know it has been changed in the text; and since my ePublications are not critical or scholarly editions; will most likely not be used for such reference. The alteration of these words, to alternative proper terms, doesnt introduce any contradiction or misunderstanding to the authors point. Also, I have decided against footnoting each instance, and will let it rest under the realm of the notice of updating terminology in the front matter.
 
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With all due respect sir, all of the editing, formatting, and ePublishing I do is at no cost to the reader. I will take my chances.

My dear brother in the Lord, he knows.

Again, you are the most naturally gifted straight man in the history of humor.

And again, it probably is directly connected to the hours and hours and hours you spend working in "straight lines" doing formatting, editing, etc.

You seem to be like a Puritan Spock/Data/ unable to tell when another in your crew is seriously suggesting something or joking to keep the serious scenario light and fun.

It's not negative or something to fix. Just an observation.

God bless you

(PS. There were no jokes in this post in case you may be wondering if I was attempting meta-humor anywhere here. I was not and am not.)

:)
 
My dear brother in the Lord, he knows.

Again, you are the most naturally gifted straight man in the history of humor.

And again, it probably is directly connected to the hours and hours and hours you spend working in "straight lines" doing formatting, editing, etc.

You seem to be like a Puritan Spock/Data/ unable to tell when another in your crew is seriously suggesting something or joking to keep the serious scenario light and fun.

It's not negative or something to fix. Just an observation.

God bless you

(PS. There were no jokes in this post in case you may be wondering if I was attempting meta-humor anywhere here. I was not and am not.)

:)
Yes, they say texting and writing type forums sometimes it is hard to get the "mood" right, and easy to misconstrue peoples meaning. I apologize for the humored comments I take seriously.
 
Yes, they say texting and writing type forums sometimes it is hard to get the "mood" right, and easy to misconstrue peoples meaning. I apologize for the humored comments I take seriously.
I thought I knew humor. You sir are master!
 
I appreciate the work you are doing.
Personally, I would caution myself against being the arbiter between the pure text and what I think might hinder the gospel.
God will soften the conscience of the reader...if they are offended at "racial" words, how will they not be offended at being Christ's bondslave?

For me, I want the pure text as written by the author.
If I made textual changes without marking them, 500 years from now someone might see my work as the original.
Who gives me the right to do this to somebody else's work, without notifying the reader of these specific changes and where they are?

Just my opinion...

Blessings!
 
I appreciate the work you are doing.
Personally, I would caution myself against being the arbiter between the pure text and what I think might hinder the gospel.
God will soften the conscience of the reader...if they are offended at "racial" words, how will they not be offended at being Christ's bondslave?

For me, I want the pure text as written by the author.
If I made textual changes without marking them, 500 years from now someone might see my work as the original.
Who gives me the right to do this to somebody else's work, without notifying the reader of these specific changes and where they are?

Just my opinion...

Blessings!
Thank you for the kind words. As far as keeping to the "pure text," literally, the only three words I purposely find alternatives for is "niggard, niggardly, and faggot." I am still considering changing "ejaculations" to its proper alternative. Those are it. The texts I edit still have all the "ests" and "eths;" and the "thee's and thou's." Outside of those, I only edit words that you cannot find with a simple google look up. If it takes extensive digging, I will change it to its alternative; if I cannot find an alternative, I will leave it as is.

Concerning the editing of texts; you are going to be hard-pressed to find many texts; even from the major publishers, that have not been altered or "modernized." Unless they are a 19th century reprint, or a reprint of the facsimile; most everyone changes them; from Banner, to RHB, to SDG, to Puritan Publications. The extent in which their modernization encompasses, I do not know; I do know in some of their works, no mention of what has been altered, what has been left out, or what has been restructured is included. Instead all that is included is a front matter explanation that some words have been modernized, or some paragraphs shortened, or even the whole thing re-written to be more palatable to a modern audience. While I am not comparing myself to these publishers in any way, shape, or form; I am saying that as far as editing goes; if not being a strict purist is a crime, then I am in good company.

Furthermore, none of the terms I am giving alternatives for are theological terms or concepts, nor are they complex words that have a myriad of descriptive possibilities. They are simply three words that can be easily reworded within their context.

Truthfully, at least in America, niggard, or niggardly are not part of the common vernacular. Given the republishing predecessors of the Puritans, it seems well within the rights of the genre to make such editorial changes, and not only that; I will probably get flack for making so few changes as I do. Editing the "eths" and "est" is pretty easy. At best I could batch replace, at worst I could highlight every instance and do it individually. But I personally enjoy the way the language of their day sounds.

500 years from now, people will look back and see the indication in the front matter, like most Puritan texts that have been retypset, modernized, and republished. And, if they want the "pure" they are free to hunt down a facsimile, or if TCP is still around, to look there. I was told once by someone, you cant make everyone happy. If I made no spelling changes, it would get classified as unreadable. If I dont modernize, it gets positioned as not tailored to the common reader. And if I do modernize it gets disregarded by puritsts. I can work within the realm of all three. But I cant be all three. That is why the only unaltered text you will find is the original.

The conclusion is people are free to read them or not. I am working presently on Downames "The Guide to Godliness," at the request of Monergism. It is a beautiful text. Niggard and niggardly came up 6 times within it. The alterations were easy enough, but if someone is going to not read it; an 1100 page work, because 6 words were changed; with full warning in the front matter some alterations were made in the name of modernization; well, that is on them. And like Dr. Yuille mentioned, when questioned about his editing Puritan works, how some people complain of his effort to modernize; I paraphrase, "if it bothers them, its not for them."

I have considered what has been mentioned here, but have really yet to find a good reason, in light of the prolific editing done by all the major Puritan rePublishers, why in this instance its detramentive to the text. And as such, it is just the way I am going to do the texts I do. But, with that being said, again, all of these works are public domain; and if keeping niggard, niggardly, and faggot is so important to someone; they are free to spend the time editing, and creating eWorks or rePubs of their own. I have also been getting feedback elsewhere, feedback such as this:

"Totally agree in this instance. Whenever I come across it when reading, it always causes me to pause even though I know what the meaning [is.] For the lack of a better alternative I would do the same."

This is not something I take lightly. I have had works where I have had to hunt down an alternative facsimile, because the one I was working with was printed wrong, then had to handtype 10 or 20 pages just to correct the text. I know that is nothing for people who have retyped whole works, but it is for me having dealt mostly with pretranscribed texts. The point is, I am serious about ePublishing correct texts. And, Lord Willing I will continue to be as long as he drives me to do them.
 
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I think your decision on this is entirely valid Dave. Instinctively I admit I side with the purist approach of changing not so much as a jot or a tittle, but realistically it's not always helpful. I salute your very cautious and word-specific approach.
 
Dave, I've wondered this so thought I'd ask: are you keeping Scripture quotations to the translation originally used (KJV I assume unless they're quoting Vulgate, etc))?
 
Dave, I've wondered this so thought I'd ask: are you keeping Scripture quotations to the translation originally used (KJV I assume unless they're quoting Vulgate, etc))?
I am keeping all scripture quotations that are included within the text. Some works have quite a bit "side material" in the facsimiles, that were not transcribed by TCP. In most cases, I do not include these, nor do I include footnotes. It is almost always the main body of the text. My goal is not to create "critical" or "scholarly" editions. Instead my goal is to get as many of these works back into circulation as possible. Working by myself, (not to say in the entirety of the effort) if I spent the time adding all of the footnotes, or side references to scripture in some of these texts, it would take months to produce a single text. Given that most, not all, but most Puritan texts I have dealt with include the scripture references within the text, it is usually not an issue.

Then there is the question I must ask myself when people read Christian literature, and that is how many take the time to stop every time there is a reference and look it up? Technology has changed the way we deal with the Bible, in that a person no longer needs a direct reference to find it in the Bible, all they need to do is type in part of the verse, or the story, or a bit of it to go directly to it in Google. Also, there is stuff you pick up by reading the Puritans. One of those things is if a word is capitalized within a sentence, most often is is the beginning of a scripture or direct quote.

We also have to take into consideration, that there are roughly 2,200 potential texts, at least in the Puritas Corpus, that are over 80 pages long. With so few people willing to edit these, let alone edit them at no cost for the global church; getting at least the main body of the text out there is of greater importance then every "jot or tittle" of the facsimile. If there were more people eager to do this work, then more time could be taken on individual texts. But looking at it from my view, we have so many books forgotten by history, sitting in a repository, waiting to be polished up for ePublication. So much that needs to be said that one has to pick and choose their battles. Gratefully, again, most Puritans seem to include the references within the text, so it is not an issue. But there are going to be some that are going to be void of any significant scripture references, because they were included as side matter, and not in the body.

Given that a majority of these texts, in their original facsimiles, are locked away behind an EEBO subscription, away from the access of the general Christian community anyway, I believe such concessions are understandable. Take your top 10 Puritan books and ask yourself if you would still want to read them even if they didnt have references to scripture? And if so, that is kind of what I am getting at.

To get straight to your point. I do not alter scripture references in any way, unless they are blatantly off when comparing the transcription with the original. To what translation they use, is of little importance to me, since most scripture references are prequoted by the actual verse.
 
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