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May I suggest a couple of books for those who are wondering about all this historic baptist issues.
1) Strict and Particular Baptist by Kenneth Dix (Strict Baptist Historical Society)
2) Particular Baptist in Victorian England by Geoffrey Breed (Strict Baptist Historical Society)
3) History of the English Calvinistic Baptists by Robert Oliver (Banner of Truth)
Sorry, they are all written from the English perspective. Can anyone in USA recommend a comprehensive history book of the Baptists written by an American, for the Americans?
PS: If the authors have the surnames "Caner" or "Falwell", or if they were ex-USA Presidents... I'm sorry, no disrespect, but I will have to overlook them.
Bob;
Some possible reasons why:
---Christian faith must be transferred and made local. It must be like a tree planted in different soil that springs up in that soil, rather than merely like a tree in a pot moved to foreign soil like a potted plant (the soil still being Western). Those denominations that have a rigid structure and many external rules or trademarks do not easily tranfer.
In other words we must strive to plant the Gospel without planting western institutions, or Western cultural traits. Give them Our Christ without neccessarily giving them our culture.
There is a lot of "culture" in the Presbyterian, confessional, often head-covering wearing, sometimes high church and liturgical Presbyterian churches. This stuff does not easily transfer. In Africa the Presbyterians were known for planting big square stone church buildings when everyone else lived in round, wood huts.
In Indonesia, the Dutch Reformed made the Javanese wear Dutch clothing as a sign of "civilization" and any Javanese who became a Christian had to take a Christian name (many Javanese names are from the Arabic). The first missionaries to the Javanese, after about 100 years were actually baptists, who made some slight success because they brought them Christ instead of rules laid down by a colonial power.
Also, if you go to the GKI church here (the Indonesian Presbyterians) you can hear almost all Western hymns merely translated instead of local forms used. The pastor wears a western shirt and tie instead of batik and the same liturgy is used.
I like Fanny Crosby and other hymns, but if we believe in hymn-singing then shouldn't each culture sing their own songs to God.
Also, the presbyterians have not regularly motivated the laymen as the baptists have. This may be in part due to the higher education required of Presbyterian pastors (hence we get most of our systematic theologies from Presbyterians and most of our missionaries from baptists).
The early spread of Christianity was almost entirely by laymen before the era of Contantinianism, then it became the job of the elite in the Roman Church, then it has become merely a lame program inside Arminian baptist churches. Most of the Reformers actually argued that the Great Commission no longer applied (Calvin did not, however..Luther did as well as many others though). It took William Carey's "THe Use of Means...." booklet to popularize the other side, that the Great Commission was, indeed, for us today.
Also, the structure of church gov't makes it hard for indigenous churches to spring up in some foreign lands. Very clearly on the PB it has been said that a church is not really a church unless "A,B, C..etc" and many of these things are lacking in small house churches in poor lands.
Therefore, many spontanously forming churches would not be considered churches until they were first checked up on by a real elder and often brought under the oversight of a larger local body, which often kills any local initiative.
Example: A bunch of locals read the Bible or hear an evangelist, they form a group to read the Bible and to pray. A respected local leader rises up and leads the people - with some flaws - in Bible teaching and does the best he can. And then a local presbytery informs him that his is not a true church and he is not qualified. If their church desires to continue it must come under the oversight of a larger body and a "real" pastor installed.
The baptists on the whole do a great job to encourage the good things that are being done rather than focusing on obsolete structures. The baptists really are leading the world in the hard places. There is a willingness to sit on mats and dress like locals and use local forms is Christ is being preached. Then, they are enable to study on their own and teach others. When dealing with a land of millions, one must focus on the main thing.
For local initiative to spring up in a foreign land church plants should all be (1) self-supporting, (2) self-governing and (3) self-propogating. These are missiological principles but yet are drawn from the example of the NT churches. All three of these 3 S's are hindered often by Presbyterian church gov't.
The baptists have been simple in message and worship and their church gov't also simple. Therefore, it is easily transferrably.