
to Scott R.
Contra the Arminians, the Canons of Dordrecht (5.RE 7) note that
Error: The faith of those who believe for a time does not differ from justifying and saving faith except with respect to its duration.
Refutation: In Mt 13:20-23 and Luke 8:13-15 Christ Himself clearly indicates, besides this duration, a threefold difference between those who believe only for a time and true believers. He declares that the former receive the seed on rocky ground, but the latter in good soil, or in a good heart; that the former are without root, but the latter have a firm root; and that the former are without fruit, but the latter bring forth fruit in varying measure, constantly and steadfastly.
Add to that Matthew 15:13 where our Lord teaches (in the midst of the Pharisees stumbling and unbelief) that "Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be rooted up" that one must be given grace to truly believe.
See also:
John 2:23-25
Here some believe in Jesus because of his miracles but he does not commit (believe - the same word in the Greek) to them because he knows the hearts of men.
John 8:30-47
In verse 31 we read that some of the Jews believed in Jesus but, again, he does not commit Himself to them. He agrees that they are Abraham's descendants (vs. 37) but are still slaves to sin (vs. 34), their father is not God but the devil (vs. 44) and "The reason you do not hear is that you do not belong to God." (vs. 47) Clearly they believed in Jesus for a time but wanted nothing to do with Him as a person and their was no change in their spiritual (regeneration) or judicial (adoption) state.
Comparing this to Romans 4 & Galatians 3 where Paul tells us that Abraham believed God, these Jews have clearly not been justified since they are still in their sins (vs. 24) since even though they put their faith in him (vs. 31) they did not believe He was who He claimed to be (vs. 24 cf. vss. 58-59)
So, in conclusion, the Reformed have distinguished between different types of faith: 1) miraculous 2) temporary and 3) saving. Only the last faith puts one in saving union with Christ and saves unto eternity (John 3:16, 36) Any other faith just withers on the vine and will be like chaff, burnt away on the day of judgment. Thus it could and can be properly said that some 'lose their faith.' Yet those who claim 'Lord, Lord' will be told that Christ NEVER knew them (Matthew 7:23) for they never believed from
the heart and were saved, but only professed (pretended) by their mouth (Romans 10:8-10) They lost a temporary faith that proceeded from the mind but not from their heart.
This point, of course, then helps us to properly understand James 2:14ff. Though I do not believe that James focus on justification is identical to Paul's concerns (saved by faith not by works) it is clear that James too is concerned with professors of religion who claim to believe but really do not.
James 2:14 "What good is it, my brothers,
if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can that faith save him?"
James 2:18
"But someone will say, "You have faith and I have works."
Saying so doesn't make it so. It is clear that the person of whom James speaks is not someone who has (living) faith or ever had (living) faith because they they only claimed it but never
believed it.