Simple hermeneutics:
39 And one of the malefactors which were hanged railed on him, saying, If thou be Christ, save thyself and us. 40 But the other answering rebuked him, saying,
Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation? 41 And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds:
but this man hath done nothing amiss. 42 And he said unto Jesus,
Lord, remember me when
thou comest into thy kingdom. 43 And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be
with me in paradise.
The Cambridge Paragraph Bible: Of the Authorized English Version (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1873), Lk 23:39–43.
Much to unpack here....but the answers are right in front of you.
The thief lived where?
Under what Rule and Authority?
Where was he actually crucified?
Did Rome hang their people on crosses?
He called Christ, "Lord" and "God"...how did he know that?
He knew Christ was sinless. How did he know that?
He knew Messiah's kingdom existed.
How did he know of 'paradise' as described by Christ?