The Analogy of Faith, Grammatical, Historical, Theological Method Defended
Hi All:
I listened to the web debate, and, I believe, that Dr. White did a good job of showing just how subjectively Mr. Camping has used the Analogy of Faith. This especially came out when Dr. White was discussing the word "provoke" in the two passages cited. It would have been interesting to see Dr. White interpret the Acts passage based on the Hebrews text. Using Mr. Camping's method we may interpret Acts in this fashion:
Acts 15:39 - So, we don't really know what the word "contention" means here, but the Greek word is also used in Hebrews 10:24, and it evidently teaches that we are to "provoke" one another to love. Therefore, Barnabas and Paul were "provoking one another to love."
Mr. Camping has issued a challenge to the Reformed understanding of the interpretation of Scriptures - requiring Biblical evidence for the Grammatical, Historical, Theological method of interpretation. It may be a shock to Mr. Camping that his own hermeneutical practice touches upon the premises of the Reformed method of interpreting the Scriptures.
The Analogy of Faith
The Reformed have always stated that Scripture is to interpret Scripture. Mr. Camping departs from the Biblical teaching when he naively supposes that all Scripture is to be understood in this fashion. In other words, one cannot understand any passage in the Scripture unless one refers to another passage in the Scriptures. The use of the Analogy of Faith is intended for those passages which are "hard to be understood," 2 Pet 3:We can look at one passage in the Scriptures:
Genesis 1:1 - In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
I would ask Mr. Camping - is this passage coherent to both believers and unbelievers? I would say that many unbelievers (especially evolutionists) understand this passage very well - and reject it.
Quoting Scripture does not mean that one is quoting rightly. We have the example of Satan tempting Jesus, and he is quoting Scripture to validate his assertions. The Analogy of Faith is an excellent hermeneutical tool, but it does not stand alone.
Grammatical:
By "Grammatical" here the Reformed understand that we must interpret the very words of Scripture in their fullest meaning - this would include: Hyperbole, Metonomy, Metaphor, Simile, and Literal statements, to name simply a few. Here are some Biblical examples:
Hyperbole - Is an implied exaggeration. "The descendents of Abraham will be like the sand in the seashore."
Metonomy - Is using an effect to denote a cause, or, the cause for the effect, or when the subject is used to refer to the object. "My arrow is incurable (Job 34:6) - meaning that his wounds (4:4) are a bitter affliction to him. Or, "According to the mouth of Pharaoh" - "mouth" here refers to command (Dt 17:6). Or, "They shall take away all thy labour, and leave thee naked," (Ez 23:29) - here "labour" refers to their "earnings" or the result of their labor.
Metaphor - Takes the literal meaning of a word and turns it to something unpredicted. "I will make my arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh," (Dt 32:42). "Arrows" here are personified as living things drunk with blood.
Simile - Takes the literal meaning of a word in order to impress upon the mind a resemblance or likeness. "Is not my word even as the fire, saith Jehovah, and as a hammer that breaks a rock in pieces?" (Jer 23:29). God's "Word" is likened to "Fire" and a "Hammer" though a "word" is neither.
Literal utterances - Despite Mr. Camping's insistence to the contrary there are literal statements in the Bible. There are many examples of these:
1) Mt 16:20 - Jesus plainly commands His disciples that they should not tell anybody that He is the Christ.
2) Mt 9:2 - Jesus states plainly, "Your sins are forgiven."
3) Mt 20:16 - In interpreting a parable Jesus makes a clear statment.
4) Mt 27:19 - Joseph wrapped Jesus' body in a clean linen cloth.
5) Micah 5:2 - Many prophecies in the Old Testament were fulfilled literally - Mathew 2:5.
The Grammatical method of interpreting the Scriptures does not preclude the use of parables - in fact - it presupposes such a thing. What it seeks to do is to read the words of Scripture within their proper grammatical context.
This brings us to Mr. Camping's misuse of Mt 13:34. In this passage Mr. Camping entirely glosses over the phrase, "unto the multitude." The passage clearly says that Jesus spoke only parables to the multitude of people who were currently standing in front of him:
All these things spake Jesus unto the multitude in parables; and without a parable spake he not unto them.
The word "them" here refers to the multitude. But we are also told in verse 53 that after he finished speaking in parables he departed from them. Matthew 13:34 does not teach what Mr. Camping wants it to say. In fact, Mr. Camping is taking these words literally, and he is not spiritualizing the text itself! Every passage in the Bible is spiritualized by Mr. Camping except for this one!
Historical:
We are not to read our contemporary understanding of life back into the Bible. Paul did not know about the Internet, Amazing Grace, or Existentialism. To read these things into his writings would destroy the very meaning of his words. For example, when Paul writes:
Speaking to yourselves in psalms, hymns and spiritual songs...
He is not thinking about "Amazing Grace" as a "hymn." The word "hymn" may have meant something entirely different to him than it does to us today.
Without a sound historical understanding of the context of the Bible one runs the danger of reading one's contemporary prejudice into the Scriptures.
Theological:
This has basically been covered in the Analogy of Faith. But a true interpretation of the Scriptures does not contradict any other doctrine of the Bible. Scripture does interpret Scripture. But Biblical Doctrine also dictates the interpretation of a passage as well. Paul especially encourages one to sound doctrine, Tit 1:9; 2:1.
I am glad that Mr. Camping is challenging us to prove the Biblical hermeneutic in the Bible. I am sad that he does not hold to it, and, in doing so, has embraced and teaches many heresies.
Blessings,
Rob