Judah and Israel?

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The kingdom divided under Rehoboam. Israel began almost immediately to go astray under Jeroboam's false worship, introducing the golden calves. Things just git worse from there. Judah had its ups (Josiah, Hezekiah) and its downs (Manasseh). But Israel only really had its downs and really downs.
 
Can someone give me a summary of the difference between Judah and Israel, and how that came about?

I take it you mean the division in the Kingdom - this arose through the fact that Rehoboam, Solomon's heir, was not the man his father was and followed much bad advice upon his accession to the throne, and Jeroboam, a servant of Solomon's administration, led the twelve northern tribes in rebellion. Rehoboam had the allegiance of only Judah and Benjamin (referred to corporately as Judah, capital in Jerusalem) and Jeroboam had the rest - capital in Shechem, I believe.

For this, see I Kings 11 & 12 and/or II Chronicles 10 - 12.
 
The kingdom divided under Rehoboam. Israel began almost immediately to go astray under Jeroboam's false worship, introducing the golden calves. Things just git worse from there. Judah had its ups (Josiah, Hezekiah) and its downs (Manasseh). But Israel only really had its downs and really downs.

Very true.

Israel only had bad kings; but God graciously sent them some faithful prophets, e.g. Elijah and Elisha. God still remembered Israel, even though they (mostly) didn't remember him!

Here is one of my favorite passages of scripture. During the reign of Hezekiah, some from Israel crossed over the border to Jerusalem to celebrate Passover. Many of the Israelites were ceremonially unclean and didn't have time to remedy their status as prescribed; but God granted them permission to eat the Passover anyway.

The whole chapter is really good, I'm only chopping it up for brevity.

2Ch 30:1 Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem to keep the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel.
...
2Ch 30:5 So they decreed to make a proclamation throughout all Israel, from Beersheba to Dan, that the people should come and keep the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel, at Jerusalem, for they had not kept it as often as prescribed.
2Ch 30:6 So couriers went throughout all Israel and Judah with letters from the king and his princes, as the king had commanded, saying, "O people of Israel, return to the LORD, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, that he may turn again to the remnant of you who have escaped from the hand of the kings of Assyria.
2Ch 30:10 So the couriers went from city to city through the country of Ephraim and Manasseh, and as far as Zebulun, but they laughed them to scorn and mocked them.
2Ch 30:11 However, some men of Asher, of Manasseh, and of Zebulun humbled themselves and came to Jerusalem.
...
2Ch 30:17 For there were many in the assembly who had not consecrated themselves. Therefore the Levites had to slaughter the Passover lamb for everyone who was not clean, to consecrate it to the LORD.
2Ch 30:18 For a majority of the people, many of them from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet they ate the Passover otherwise than as prescribed. For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying, "May the good LORD pardon everyone
2Ch 30:19 who sets his heart to seek God, the LORD, the God of his fathers, even though not according to the sanctuary's rules of cleanness."
2Ch 30:20 And the LORD heard Hezekiah and healed the people.​
 
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