RPCNA Psalter History

[Logan]

I've been curious as to the history of the RPCNA psalters. My current understanding is that there was originally a minor revision to the SMV along with some additional versions that were published in a split-leaf in 1889, this was revised more thoroughly in 1911, and then minor changes to music happened in 1920 and 1929, and again in 1950. A more thorough revision was done in 1973 and then lastly the entire psalter was reworked (nearly from scratch it seems) in 2009.

So what were the motivating factors along the way? I've looked at the psalter prefaces (which I will post here as time permits), and against my better judgment have delved into the minutes of synod. I'm curious to see what I'll find and I'll post here as I go. I don't know if I'll write anything up when I'm done but thought at least one or two others might find this interesting.

 

[Logan]

Fragments from the 1809 to 1888 Synod digest (the complete minutes are not available apparently): and from which it appears that the idea to make even a minor revision was not taken lightly. 37 years elapsed between the original mention of looking at revision and the actual production of the work.

May 27, 1852.
The committee appointed to consider the communication from Rev. H. Connelly, on Psalmody, respectfully report as follows:
The subject which has been referred to them is one in which the whole Reformed Presbyterian Church feels a deep interest. The version of the Psalms at present used by us is highly valued,not only on account of its own merits,but also as associated with the exercises of religious feeling from early life. Those who come from the land of our fathers are greatly pleased to find that they can sing the Lord's song, even in a strange land,in a form with which they are familiar,and which they love. We would deprecate anything which would impair the devotional sensibilities of our people or introduce contention and discord. While, therefore, we would regard it proper to retain our present version as it is, we would also consider that new versions, formed on the principles of the most rigid adherence to the original meaning which can be obtained, and in a variety of metres, might be added, and that the prose in some instances might be arranged for music. But we leave the subject with the Synod, recommending that a committee of conference be appointed,and that the views herein expressed be taken as a general indication of the wishes of the Synod on the subject.

May 27, 1853
The committee appointed to confer with a similar committee of the Associate Reformed Church, on the subject of Psalmody, respectfully report:
That they have received no communication from the brethren of our sister church upon the subject, and, consequently,have held no conference in regard to it. They believe, however,that it is one of great and general interest and importance, and that requires the careful consideration of Synod. According to the decision made at last meeting, we would recommend that no alteration be allowed in our present version; but we would not refuse to accept of additional versions, if such shall be presented, provided that they be found, on careful examination, to be "more plain, smooth and agreeable to the text than any heretofore." It is, therefore, recommended that the committee be continued, and that if any new versions be presented to them, they be authorized to receive, revise and publish them in the Banner of the Covenant, as they may consider suitable; and that the further consideration of the subject be postponed until the next meeting of Synod.

May 28, 1853
Resolved, That Synod adhere to the avowed principles on the subject of Psalmody,and compliance with the Fourth Article of the "Directory for Worship," Chapter 4th, page 17, which is as follows: "Singing the praises of God is an important and necessary part of divine worship. The Book of Psalms is divinely appointed for this purpose. No imitation of the Psalms, or any other human composition, may be admitted into the exercise of religious worship."

May 24, 1854
The Committee on Psalmody respectfully report that they have given such attention to the subject intrusted to their care as they have been able to render; but as they are not prepared yet to recommend anything definite, they suggest that the committee be continued until next Synod, and that they be authorized to consider and report upon any action which may be taken by the brethren of the Associate Reformed Church, when it shall be submitted to them.

May 26, 1855
I. That the committee be continued with instructions to prepare a book to be submitted to next Synod, containing,
lst. The prose version arranged for singing.
2nd. The version in present use, with such few alterations as the more cultivated and refined condition of the present age requires.
3rd. A topical index specifying the various subjects to which the Psalms refer,and the occasions to which they may be appropriate, exhibiting the fulness and comprehensiveness of the Scripture Psalms and their remarkable adaptation to the wants of the church, in all the circumstances in which she may be placed.
4th. A judicious selection of music, in which the attempt shall be made to indicate the grave "sweet melody" which corresponds with the sacred character of those divine compositions.
II. That the committee be authorized and directed to invite such co-operation from the ministers and members of our own and other churches, as they may consider necessary, and that they be enjoined to give this subject their earnest and careful attention,so that something may be in readiness to submit to next Synod for its approval or rejection.

May 21, 1860
Resolved, 1. That as "Reformation Principles Exhibited"---the Testimony of the Church---to the maintenance of which we are all bound by the word of God, declares, in Part 2, Chapter24, Section 8, the "singing God's praise is a part of public social worship, in which the whole congregation should join," and that "the Book of Psalms, which are of divine inspiration, is well adapted to the state of the church and of every member, in all ages and circumstances, and these Psalms, to the exclusion of all imitations and uninspired compositions, are to be used in social worship;" so this Synod still continues to declare and maintain.

May 22, 1865
Resolved, That this Synod does not consider it a censurable offence in her members, when worshipping in congregations of other denominations or mixed assemblies, to sing such psalmody as may be there in use, provided such psalmody be in accordance with Scripture.
The following substitute was offered and adopted:
Resolved, That this resolution be dismissed and that this Synod will adjudicate any case of discipline touching the subject which it covers that may be regularly brought before it from the courts below.

May 24, 1866
1. Resolved, That the standards of the Reformed Presbyterian Chruch authorize the one hundred and fifty Psalms only to be used in the public social worship of God. Adopted---yeas, 40; noes, 3. Not voting, 8.
2. Resolved, That the General Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Chruch have never decided the question whether or not other "inspired songs" might be used if duly authorized. Adopted---yeas, 30; nays, 6, Not voting, 8.
3. Resolved, That the Church has decided the question that no imitations or uninspired compositions are to be used in public social worship. Adopted---yeas, 39; nays, 0. Not voting, 4.
4. Resolved, That a committee of one from each Presbytery be appointed to prepare and report to Synod, amendments to the present version. Adopted unanimously.
5. Resolved, That a correspondence with other churches be entered into through our delegates, or otherwise, with a view to secure a version of the Psalms which may be acceptable to the churches generally. Adopted unanimously.
6. Resolved, That all the ministers and others under our care be admonished to abstain from all divisive courses on this and other subjects; to cease from publications impugning the doctrines of our standards, and enter more vigorously on the work of edifying the Church and saving the world. Adopted---yeas, 31; nays, 10. Not voting, 3. The whole report adopted, without count.

 

[Logan]

While not on the history, this paper from the 1896 Synod was too good not to share. What a treasure the psalms are!

1896
Report of the Committee on Psalmody.
That man was originally made capable of practicing and enjoying poetry, music and song we think manifest from the physical structure of many of our bodily organs and functions, as well as the charm they exercise over us mentally, in the changing circumstances and experiences of everyday life. The power in poetry, with its grand and stately numbers, to pleasantly affect us, of music to entrance us, and of song to quicken all our sympathies, seem to have been from the very beginning the common experience of our whole race.

In a very particular manner, however, have poetry, music and song, from the earliest period of which we have any knowledge, been employed to set forth the glory of God and offer him our worship, and thus not only have they entered as an element into our religious exercises, but even doctrine and prediction often put on the poetic form and become clothed in poetic numbers, and every intelligent and devout worshipper, as he utters them devotionally, becomes "a tuneful lyre," "a harp of many strings," a temple filled with incense, and "a royal priesthood to God." Of this we have an example in the little scrap of revealed truth spoken by Enoch before the flood and preserved by Jude, and which is in the form of poetic parallelism, the oldest specimen extant. In the same way much in the book of Job, the song of Israel at the Red Sea, the Ninetieth Psalm by Moses in the Wilderness, and much of the matter spoken of by the Prophets are all more or less clothed in the beauty of poetic numbers and set to music and sung. And thus from the earliest ages have the Saints responded to the Divine call, "Whoso offereth praise glorifieth me."

Considering, however, that praise to God is simply ascribing to Him the glory of His own attributes, perfections and works, it will appear all important that the poetry and song we employ be in perfect harmony with the nature, character and works of Him whom we worship. Heathenism, idolatry, and all forms of false religion are corrupt and corrupting, according to the character of their songs, and if we are to have purity of worship, there is no point in which there is more need of watchfulness and care than the terms in which we express "the high praise of our God." And it is a matter of everlasting gratitude that God Himself, the object we worship, has furnished us with a manual of praise, which as the product of His own spirit, is above error or mistake, and which we can use with perfect confidence that we are not putting strange fire on God's altar, and is so complete and suitable as to spiritualize all our communion with God.

Considering, however, that for many years, much has been periodically written, setting forth the excellencies of our inspired songs and their claims to be exclusively employed in our praise, we think that it will be more for our edification on the present occasion to dwell less on the argumentative and more on the didactic and devotional. And looking into these noble songs as into a glass, how admirable they are, both in structure and contents; how fearless in denouncing sin and sinners; how truthful in all that is spoken, either of God or man; how cheering and comforting; how elevating and purifying, so as to make us feel that betwixt them and anything of mere human composition there can neither be comparison nor competition possible. Clothed with Divine appointment and authority, and so sweet and attractive and adapted at all times to our spiritual condition, they are like the tree of life, whose fruit is always "in season," and their constant use a blessed privilege of which no man has a right to deprive us. This will appear when we consider:

First.—That no form of uninspired song can, in our worship, give us such true and exalted views of God as do the inspired psalms. In our worship we are supposed to have our whole powers of body and mind engaged, in knowing, loving, admiring, adoring, and intensely delighting in and obeying him. But, to praise an object, person or thing, we must, to some extent, know its properties, qualities and value. Therefore the command "With knowledge praise express." Now, where is there such knowledge and views of God as in these psalms? Not, perhaps, even in other parts of the Bible, not even in the Gospels are there such frequent and extensive views of the character, purposes, operations and claims on our love, trust, and holy obedience, and worship, as we have here; and such variety, diversity and fullness of revelation must wonderfully stimulate the spiritual mind. And this is seen in the fulness of names, epithets, and figures by which God is here set forth. For example, in Scripture almost 200 names and epithets are given to Christ, and most of them are to be found in the psalms. Like the "Song of Songs," they are literally filled with Christ, his names, perfections, relation to his people, and the marvellous things he has done, and will do on our behalf, so that in their use "His name is as ointment poured forth."

In the intelligent use of these psalms, therefore, there is no danger of our offering our praise to an "unknown God," while they nourish and cherish within us all those higher elements of love, joy, adoration, confidence and hope, that should enter into every spiritual exercise. And perhaps it might not be out of place here to notice the futility of the objection, that some parts of the psalms are such that we cannot use them in a Christian frame of mind, referring especially to psalms usually called imprecatory. But if praise be the setting forth of the glory of God, what he is, and what he has done, then to overlook, in our praise, all about His kingdom, and judgments, and terrible works in righteousness, and the awful consequences of resisting his government, would be to impoverish his worship, and leave God only half the revenue to which he is entitled. "Say unto God how terrible art thou in all thy works," is therefore an element we cannot want [lack] in our praise. To sing of God's righteous judgments, and fearful threatenings, serves to convince us of sin, humble us and lead us to penitent confession, quicken our conscience, and powerfully promotes our sanctification. Therefore, while some speak flippantly about the "cursing psalms," we esteem them as a crown of glory on the head of revelation.

Secondly.—No other songs are so adapted to our holding fellowship with God as these psalms. Fellowship, or communion, being something we have in common with others, as when it is said, "And truly our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son Jesus Christ," it implies that in all our worship we enter completely into the thoughts, views, sentiments and desires of God, and are in full harmony with all we know of Him. But as our communion with God, is by the spirit, through the word, he has provided and prepared much of the word---especially the psalms---as a means by which we have constant fellowship realized. And thus as we seek God through the advocacy of Christ, and work of the Spirit, by the word, we find Him at all times on the "throne of grace," realizing His promise "There will I meet with thee, and I will commune with thee from above the mercy seat and from between the cherubim." And who can tell all implied in the words "Will meet with thee, and will commune with thee." It implies, as specially seen in the promises laid up in the psalms, the mutual possession of all things, God and his people, walking, talking, eating, drinking, feasting together, and mutually entertaining each other, and holding with one another the most delightful intercourse. And the nature of this wonderful intercourse is beautifully set forth by two words often occurring in these inspired songs. These are Selah and Amen.

The former, Selah, occurs 74 times in the psalms, and only three times in all the rest of the Old Testament. It signifies to pause, reflect, consider well, what you say to God, and be exercised in intense mental effort to rise up to all the heart conceives and the mouth is about to utter of the praise of the Infinite One. Then Amen, the truth, or truly, occurring often in the psalms, means our accepting, and endorsing all the truths, statements, promises and threatenings, the Spirit has given us for our direction in prayer. And thus as to the subject-matter of our praise, and our direct fellowship with God therein, there is nothing equal to God's own songs, so largely sealed by the spirit of truth, and sure and reliable by the testimony of Christ and his people. And hence rises a strange thought. If Christ used these psalms himself, ought they not be good enough for us, and their excellences appreciated, by following his example?

Then, Thirdly. The songs of Zion furnish, more fully than any others, the food, nourishment, help, support, strength and spiritual consolation we daily require. In the right use of the songs which God has himself provided, "the king brings us into his banqueting house," and how sweet, profitable, and full of enjoyment they prove to the spiritual mind, and by how many figurative terms are their value and power to nourish and comfort, set forth. Milk for babes and strong meat for the more mature; the shepherd's green pastures; and sacrificial feasts, "fat and full of marrow." The finest of the wheat from heaven's own granary, and "honey from the rock," fruit from the tree of life, and wine of the everlasting covenant, mingled with the water of the river of life that flows from under the throne of God; these, all, and many others, are daily upon our table, so that we cannot well ask with the Israelites, "Can the Lord provide for us a table in the wilderness?" And especially in seasons of weakness, trouble, suffering and want, they prove a stay, comfort, help and hope, as greatly to endear them to the spiritual man. A once popular preacher, when on one occasion he was prostrated by affliction, was often heard saying, "Oh, our hymns may be good enough when all is well, but when days of sorrow and suffering come on us we are then glad to flee to the psalms, where are laid up for us the support and consolation that have through ages cheered and comforted the saints of God." Indeed, the stated and regular use of these songs, thus getting them laid up in the memory and applied to our different experiences, more than anything else brings Christ to dwell, or "make home," in our heart, and being always new and in season, like the fruit of the tree of life, is of unspeakable advantage to all who are traveling heavenward.

Fourthly.—The exclusive use of inspired psalmody would form a bond of union among the Churches. Whatever brings us nearer to God brings us nearer to one another, and could all the Churches be brought practically to understand the force of such words as, "O, magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt His name together," it would soon be followed by the most gratifying results. It would be found that the psalms are in the most perfect adaptation to the state and condition of man east or west, and that as the great multitude, that no man can number, they stand before the throne pouring out the tribute of heart and voice, they would become in the Churches a mighty power for good. Just as the tide, rolling continually over the small stones on a pebbly beach, by moving and rubbing them together, smooths off their angles and asperities, and polishes them so as to become beautiful, so it would be in spiritual things. The spiritual forces inherent in those Divine songs would, by constant use, rule off errors and prejudices that now keep us apart and work in us, not only a sweet conformity to Christ, but enable us to realize how good and pleasant a thing it is for brethren to dwell together in unity. And perhaps it is not too much to say that many of the errors and mistakes to be found in many of the Churches, if not caused by the use of hymns which God never appointed, are yet in a great measure the result of that restlessness and sensationalism, so common in our day, while on the other hand the vast multitudes of hymn books, constantly multiplied and multiplying, and often conflicting and out of harmony, and preventing familiarity, on the part of the worshipper, with any clear view of either the object or subject matter of his praise, are a hindrance rather than a help. To attain true unity we must have "one Lord, one faith, one baptism," one worship according to God's own appointment.

In view of all these facts we recommend:
1. That the greatest care and diligence should be used to keep our people well instructed in the value and claims of inspired psalmody, as the vehicle of our praise.
2. That all should be taught the duty and obligation of praising God skillfully, intelligently and harmoniously, and that it be the care of sessions and congregations to see that the young especially are instructed in the right performance of this spiritual service.
3. That our members be constantly reminded that it is both their duty and privilege to realize in their praise all the light, happiness, joy, comfort and peace which our praise songs are eminently fitted to impart.
4. And that our members, especially the more youthful, be instructed and warned to avoid everything that would make them less appreciate the value of our psalms, that would weaken their attachment to purity of worship, or neutralize our testimony on behalf of the songs of Zion.
James Kennedy,
T. C. Sproull,
W. J. Coleman,
A. Dodds,
H. Matthews

 

[ADKing]

Logan,
Joe Allyn wrote a paper on this topic for his required church history paper for presbytery exams. Maybe he would be willing to share it with you if you asked him.

 

[Logan]

Adam,

Thank you! Is he still in the Shawnee congregation? I believe I have his email address.


1896
Report of Committee on Joint Revision of the Psalter.

The efforts of your committee appointed to represent the Church in securing a joint revision of the metrical version of the Psalms has, during the past year, been employed in seeking a wider co-operation among the churches which it was hoped would be willing when the subject was fairly set before them to take part in this revision. A meeting of all the committees already appointed was arranged for and was held in Philadelphia on October 24th, 1895.

There were present at this meeting representatives from the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, from the Assembly of the United Presbyterian Church, from the General Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, and from this Synod. Dr. E. R. Craven of the Presbyterian Church was chosen chairman, and Dr. W. J. Robinson, of the United Presbyterian Church, secretary. It was thought wiser to extend invitations to other denominations who might be willing to join in this work and to wait for their assistance than to begin the work without them. It was resolved that an invitation be sent to each of the following churches: The Associate Reformed Church (south), the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Canada Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Church (south), the Reformed Church (Dutch), the Reformed Church (German), the Reformed Episcopal Church, and the Holland Reformed Christian Church.

Arrangements were also made to secure a list of all the metrical revisions of the Psalms that have been published. It is the hope and prayer of your committee that all these invitations may be heartily accepted and that the work of the joint revision may be entered upon this coming year.
W. J. Coleman.
David McAllister.
D. B. Willson.
T. P. Stevenson.
James Kennedy.
Walter T. Miller.

 

[ADKing]

He is a member at Shawnee but at RPTS

 

[Wayne]

Logan:

I located this on WorldCat:

Brumm, James L. H., Changes in the Use of the Psalter in American Reformed Worship.
M.Div. thesis, New Brunswick Theological Seminary, 1986. iii, 52 leaves, bound, 29 cm.
[Only one copy located, namely at the New Brunswick Seminary library.] - New Brunswick Theological Seminary

See also, both by Joel Overduin, at PRTS:
The 20th century revival of Genevan psalmody in reformed worship in North America (2005)
and Genevan psalmody in reformed worship in North America (2008) - To order, see Theological Research Exchange Network

 

[Logan]

Thank you Wayne, I'm not sure if I'll be able to acquire those and it's doubtful it would have exactly what I'm looking for.

Adam, I was able to read Joe's paper today and it is helpful on later psalters but not as much on the very earliest ones (he did not have access to the 1911 and 1919, for example).

And reading the Synod minutes hasn't been so bad actually! I've learned a lot and feel more connected with these leaders of the past.


It should be noted that the Psalter Revision committee is referring to this Joint Committee. This would eventually become "The Psalter" of 1912 so it's interesting to me to see the progression from anticipation and joy in the work to one of trepidation as it went a way we didn't agree with.

1897
Joint Revision of the Psalms.

Your committee would respectfully report:
That, owing to various causes, no meeting of the Joint Committee was held until April 8th, 1897, in Philadelphia; but that meeting was very encouraging. Five denominations were represented, and all seemed to enter with great heartiness into the work. Two other Presbyterian bodies, not there represented, are known to be equally interested in this project. The work and process of revision were planned for and a sub-committee was appointed to begin the work. It is hoped that the revision will now be pushed forward, and that soon we may be able to report good results.
W. J. Coleman,
David McAllister,
D. B. Willson,
T. P. Stevenson


1898
Joint Revision of the Psalms.
The Committee on the Joint Revision of the Psalms regret being obliged to report that no advance has been made in this work during the past year. The sub-committee appointed to begin the work of revision, it seems, has failed to take any action in the matter. Yet we do not believe that the whole project should be allowed to drop when seven different denominations of the Presbyterian faith have agreed through their highest courts to engage in this revision. If the Synod sees fit to continue its effort in this matter, it is to be hoped that something may yet be
accomplished.
W. J. COLEMAN,
DAVID M'ALLISTER,
D. B. WILLSON,
T. P. STEVENSON.


1899
Joint Revision of the Psalms.
The Committee on the joint revision of the Psalms would respectfully report the following resolutions:
1. That the Synod reaffirms its profound impression of the importance of a metrical version of the Psalms which all Christians and especially all Psalm singers may use in common, its unabated interest in the effort to secure such a version and its hope that in the future a version may be prepared that like the one approved by the Church of Scotland in the past will by its superior excellence take the place of all others.
2. That this Synod deeply regrets the apparent failure of the effort made in recent years to secure such a version, an effort in which committees of five Presbyterian Churches took part, and in particular the failure of the sub-committee, to which, as recorded in our 1897 report, the beginning of this work was entrusted, to take any action in the matter, as we find recorded in our report of 1898.
3. That owing to the great difficulty, if not the impossibility under present circumstances of reviving the work of joint revision and the apparent necessity of waiting until some time has elapsed before renewing the effort, your committee on joint revision of the Psalms be discharged.
4. With regard to the memorial of N. R. Johnston and others referred to us by the Synod and marked paper number 16, which urges the preparation by this church of a new version of the Psalms, the Synod decide that our Church is not ready to enter on the preparation of another version.
W. J. Coleman,
David McAllister,
T. P. Stevenson,
D. B. Willson.


1900
The Joint Revision of the Psalms.
Though it appeared a year ago that no effort made in the way of securing the joint revision of the Psalms was likely at that time to be successful, the activity of the chairman of the sub-committee appointed three years ago, the Rev. W. J. Dey, of the Canadian Church, resulted last March in a call for all the members of the joint committees to meet in New York on April 20th, 1900, where the representatives of three churches assembled at the time and place appointed. These churches were, the Canadian Presbyterian, the Reformed Presbyterian New School and our own. Although your Committee was discharged at last Synod, its members thought it best to attend the meeting and do what was possible to further the work in the confidence that the interest of our church in the project so clearly expressed at last Synod would approve of this course rather than that the Synod should be left without representation and appear unfavorable to the work.

The assembled committees considered it wise to begin work and made substantial progress in the six days devoted to the revision. A committee was appointed to secure as far as possible the continuance in this work of those churches that had before taken favorable action, and also to secure the co-operation of other bodies who should be interested. It was decided that ten dollars be requested from each church represented to meet the expense of printing, postage, books, etc.
We therefore offer for the consideration of Synod the following recommendations:

1. That this Synod appoint a committee to co-operate in this revived work of revision.
2. That an appropriation of ten dollars be made for this work from the Literary Fund, the amount to be sent to the Treasurer, Dr. James D. Steele, 74 W . 103d Street, New York.
W. J. Coleman.
David McAllister.
D. B. Willson.
T. P. Stevenson.

Adopted.
On motion of D. B. Willson, W. J. Coleman, T. P. Stevenson and David McAllister were made the Committee called for in the first recommendation. The Committee were instructed to secure if practicable the co-operation of the Psalm-singing churches across the sea.


1901
Report of Committee on the Revision of the Metrical Psalms.

Your Committee appointed to co-operate with like committees of other churches in the Revision of the Psalter, would respectfully report, that during the past year the General Committee held two meetings, one in Asbury Park, N. J., from September 18th to the 27th. and one in Philadelphia, Pa, from April 24th, to May 7th. At the first meeting, Psalms 10th and 34th inclusive, excepting the 33rd were revised, and at the second, Psalms 35th and 72nd, inclusive, excepting the 68th, were revised. A selection was made of metres in the next Book of the Psalter, Psalms 73-89, for study in preparation for the next meeting of the General Committee, which is to be held in Toronto, August 20-29.

Much earnest and arduous labor has been put upon this revision, and your Committee reports with no small degree of confidence that, while many changes are being made, both in versification and verbiage, the version resulting is, in the words prefacing the old Scottish version "more plain, smooth and agreeable to the text than any heretofore." In seeking this harmony with the text, Psalms of very different character have not all been put in one metre, but, as far as possible, metres have been chosen which express naturally the sentiment of the Psalms. Your Committee suggests that the prayers of the Church follow those carrying on this work that they may be divinely guided, for it requires the gift of the Spirit to discern spiritual things, and it requires reverence for God's Word to induce men to work and wait for the best results. To a good degree we believe that the Spirit has been given, for the members of the General Committee are working together with remarkable harmony in aim, method and spirit in this revision. Eight churches were represented in our meetings, the Presbyterian (North), Canada Presbyterian, United Presbyterian, Reformed (Dutch), Christian Reformed (Holland), Reformed Presbyterian (General Synod), Associate Presbyterian and our own.

The sum of fifteen dollars is requested from each church to meet the expense of printing and postage.

We recommend;
1. That an order be given on the Treasurer of the Literary Fund for $15, the amount to be sent to Dr. J. D. Steele, 74 W. 103 Street, New York.
2. That a committee be appointed to continue our co-operation in this work.
W . J. Coleman.
T. P. Stevenson.
David McAllister.

The former committee, W. J. Coleman, T. P. Stevenson, and David McAllister, was made permanent until the work of revision is finished

Excerpt from the Psalmody Report for the year:
But we believe there be yet extant a few poets of the ancient seed; and we would recommend to them an object worthy of their muse, to give to the church a uniform metrical version of the Psalms, whose improvement should consist, not in sacrificing the true expressions of the original to mere poetical language, but in a close adherence to the words of the original, even a more close condensation of them than in the prose version of which condensation our Scottish version contains many admirable examples. For poetic beauty and close adherence to the original, our Scottish version is as yet without a peer. Rufus Choate, one of the greatest scholars and orators of which our country can boast, on one occasion, being in the city of Montreal over Sabbath, visited the Scotch Presbyterian church and heard Dr. Magill. He was exceedingly well pleased with the Scotch way of singing by the whole congregation. Of the old Scotch version of the Psalms used, he made this remark, "An uncommon pith and gnarled vigor of sentiment lies in that old version. I prefer it to Watts." If the present Committee on Revision can give to the church a uniform metrical version of the Psalms, sacrificing not true expression of the words of the original to mere poetic beauty, but in close adherence to the original, in which the churches represented shall all agree, they will have done under God, a service to the church which will have its blessed, happy and lasting influence on the church of the future; and we will hail it as a bright omen that a glorious epoch is drawing near when the church of the living God, "the pillar and the ground of the truth" shall re-echo with the God-given songs of a unanimous Zion; and thunders of the song shall go up in full diapason unto Him who sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb forever and ever.




1902
Excerpt from the report on Psalmody
There has been of late a revival of interest in the inspired Psalms. In 1899, the Committee had reported the work of revision as seemingly at an end, when in an unexpected way it was renewed by the concern of the representatives of the Canada Presbyterian Church. Now, for two years the work has progressed till the greater part of it has been done, and we may hope that in a few years a Revised Psalter will appear, the joint work of delegates from many denominations.


Joint Revision of the Psalms.
Your Committee appointed to co-operate with like committees of other churches in preparing a uniform metrical version of the Psalms would respectfully report that, during the past year, two regular sessions of the Joint Committee have been held, each of ten days duration, one in Knox College, Toronto, in August, the other in the United Presbyterian Seminary, Allegheny, in April. In the August meeting, the third book, consisting of Psalms 73-89, was revised; in April the fourth book, Psalms 90-106.

The progress of our work is not rapid, and the longer we continue in this revision the more slowly we seem to advance. For this very reason, however, we believe, the results reached are more satisfactory and will better stand the test of use. It is felt by all engaged in this work that too much care cannot be given to this revision.

The harmony and unanimity prevailing among the members of the Joint Committee, which consists of representatives of nine different churches, trained in as many different schools of thought, are not a little remarkable, and from this general agreement we feel in good measure assured, that the revision when completed will meet the desires and secure the favor of the members of all these churches and, we trust, of many others also. The prospect is that the time that will be required to complete this first revision, to provide a few second versions, and then to give a second revision to the whole Psalter, will not be less than about two years. This may seem a long time to wait for results, but we all feel that it will be time well spent, if all Psalm-singing churches can unite on this as a uniform version, and if hymn-singing churches will select from this a much larger portion of psalmody than those they have been accustomed to use, or happily take it as the sole expression of praise in song addressed to the Lord who has inspired and authorized this incomparable book. We recommend that fifteen dollars be appropriated from the Literary Fund to pay the printing and other incidental expenses of the Joint Committee.
W. J. Coleman.
David McAllister.
T. P. Stevenson.




1903
Revision of Psalms.
Your Committee appointed to co-operate with like Committees of other Churches in preparing a Uniform Version of the Psalms in Meter would respectfully report that since the last meeting of Synod we have held two meetings: the first in Montreal beginning September 10th and the second in New York beginning April 8th, each lasting about eight days. At the first meeting, Psalms 104-121 were revised and at the second, Psalms 122-150, thus completing one version of each of the Psalms. This work is now to be carefully reviewed before being submitted to the Churches and some second meters are to be added which will also require revision.

Representatives of nine Churches have been engaged in the work, have worked together in great harmony and have in general concurred heartily in all the results reached. It may not be out of place to add that your Committee were not unanimously in favor of every conclusion reached in the revision, nor were we all in favor of second versions, but as the whole work is to be reviewed some of these conclusions may be changed and we hope also that there will not be a great number of second versions.

It is believed that there will be a sufficient variety of meters in this first version to satisfy every one. Some of these may be changed in the review, but as they stand, counting the 119th Psalm as 22, there are 68 in common meter, 42 in long meter, 10 in short meter, 9 in 8s and 7s, 6 in 7s and the remainder divided among 15 other meters. Your Committee have in general favored a variety in meters in order that those who wish to sing the Psalms only might not be tempted to go elsewhere for variety, to avoid the necessity of adding second meters and to secure the movement that would best express the sentiment of each Psalm.

We submit herewith the report of the Joint Committee to the Churches engaged in the revision.

We recommend:
1. That we continue to co-operate in this work.
2. That the Treasurer of the Literary Fund be instructed to remit fifteen dollars to the Treasurer of the Joint Committee, Rev. J. D. Steele, 74 W. 103d street, New York, to pay for printing and other incidental expenses of the Joint Committee.
3. That the members of the Church having at heart the purity of the worship of God pray for His blessing on the work of the Joint Committee.
W. J. Coleman,
T. P. Stevenson.

 

[Logan]

These reports cover through the rest of the work trying to come to agreements with the joint committee for The Psalter of 1912, how they eventually decided they could not agree, and in the end produced their own version using some selections from the version they agreed on with them in 1905.

This revised version was published in 1911 and the first selection of each is a revised selection from the 1650 SMV. 50 alternatives are given from various other psalters. The new edition sold out within hours, as did the second printing.

1904
The Revision of the Psalter.
The Committee appointed to take part in preparing a uniform version of the Psalms in meter would respectfully report that since the last meeting of this Synod we have held two meetings, the first at Silver Bay, Lake George, N . Y., September 9 to 16, 1903, and the second at Philadelphia, April 13 to 21, 1904. Representatives of all the nine co-operating churches were present at these meetings and worked together with their usual zeal and steady energy. Psalms 1 to 35 were revised for the second time at the first meeting and '36 to 72, omitting the 51st and 70th and 71st, at the second. The Joint Committee grows more critical with the progress of the work, and what was at first passed without remark, now, in many instances, receives careful attention. This accounts for the delay in the completion of the work, and it also affords increasing confidence that the revision will be worthy of acceptance when it is completed.

It is expected that this revision will be laid before you at the next meeting of the Synod. This will not be for acceptance, but for criticism and suggestions, and a year later, it is hoped, the revised Psalter will be ready for final action. There will be about the same number of second versions in this as in our Scotch version and these will be of the Psalms in most frequent use. Your Committee, as we reported last year, is not always unanimous in the matters coming before us, nor do we always agree with conclusions reached. We say this that you may understand that there are often decisions to be made which try your representatives and also that you may know that the work is not being passed over in a careless manner. It is greatly to be regretted that all our Committee are not able to be present at all our meetings.

We submit herewith the annual report of the Joint Committee.

We recommend:
1. That this Synod continue to co-operate in this work.
2. That we grant $25 instead of $15 to this work in order that each minister of the Synod may receive a copy of the Revision submitted for examination, the appropriation to be paid as before from the Literary Fund.
3. That the importance of this work to the Church of Christ renders it fitting that the prayers of God's people be offered for the presence and guidance of the Holy Spirit in the preparation of the divinely ordained book of praise.
W. J. Coleman.
T. P. Stevenson.
David McAllister.




1905
PSALMODY REVISION.
The Committee on a Uniform Version of the Psalms in Meter would respectfully report that the Joint Committee engaged in revising the metrical version of the Psalms have so far completed the work committed to them as to be ready to submit the result of their labors for your consideration. The revision has been carefully made for a second and partially for a third time, and five years of steady effort have been given to it, so that it is respectfully laid before you as the product of long continued and patient study as well as of the most thoughtful solicitude.

We regard it as a matter of no small importance that the representatives of nine denominations have combined with a good degree of harmony in this work and that, if this revision shall commend itself to all these denominations, we shall have reached a most striking and helpful agreement on one great matter on which we have been hopelessly divided, a uniform and acceptable medium of praise.

In examining the new version—and it is earnestly hoped that every one into whose hands it may come will give to it a careful and candid examination and take time before making up his mind—the revised English or American prose versions should be used along with the Hebrew text as the standard of comparison in determining its faithfulness to the original, and the marginal readings should not be left out of view. These prose versions are the nearest approach to the Hebrew that any English reader can make, and for this reason have in choice of words and renderings been largely followed in this revision.

Although it has resulted in a great change of form from that to which we have been accustomed, your representatives on the Joint Committee have favored a variety of meters that no complaint of sameness might be made by those who use the Psalms exclusively, that each Psalm might be rendered in a verse that suited its sentiment and that a wide variety of music might be available. We have voted, as a rule, against second meters, believing that there are many advantages in having but one good version of any Psalm. The number of second meters in the new version will be sixteen, three more than in the Scotch version, and these second meters are of the Psalms in most frequent use.

Particular attention is invited to the division of the matter in the new version. Most, if not all, preceding versions have given but little attention to this important consideration, but, as far as possible, in this version each separate thought in the text has been given a verse or verses of its own, making the meaning of the Psalms more clear and easier of apprehension than in any former version.

It is believed that in all but a few cases, and these for valid reasons, the poetic accent and the accent of the words are in agreement, and that all the lines except where the elision is natural and easy are of the proper number of syllables. An effort has been made to avoid all needless inversions, and great attention has been paid to the rhyming words and to the rhythm of the verse.

Care has been used with regard to the use of the divine name, so that it is seldom used where it is not found in the text, or omitted where it is found. An effort has also been made to preserve the proper name, the words Lord and Jehovah being used interchangeably, but the first as a rule because it was thought that the name was more acceptable to most readers and singers.

It is by no means asserted that this version is without defects. It is the product, however, of a careful inspection of every line as to its faithfulness, force and form, and often of a separate consideration of each word of the version adopted, and the result has in every case been the conclusion reached by a majority of the members present. Every man on the Joint committee has voted with the minority times without number.

It is the work of the Committee as a body and it is asserted freely and without qualification that it is the best version that the Committee was able to make in the time and with the ability at its disposal. Every man on the Committee was doing his best to secure a version that would in his judgment be acceptable to the people whom he represented, and it is therefore submitted with all sincerity in an honest purpose, with humility in the knowledge of defects we could not avoid, and with gratitude that by the grace of the divine Author of the book we have been enabled to do what has been done.

A very important matter will be the selection of tunes to which the Psalms may be sung, and it is hoped that each Psalm will be suited with its own tune. The general acceptance of the Psalms depends almost as much upon this as upon the felicity of their versification. Your Committee took no steps in this matter, as we received no authority to do so, and this is a subject that may well be passed by until a decision is reached with regard to the use of this version, but it is mentioned as one that should receive great attention if the version is accepted.

The Joint Committee voted to copyright the book in order that its publication might pay the expense incurred by those who have prepared it. Being anxious for as wide a use of the book as possible, and of any part of it, by any who are willing to use it, your Committee opposed this action as putting a hindrance in their way.

It is uncertain whether the Joint Committee will meet again. We hope that it will, and that it will take advantage of every suggestion that may be offered to make the version all that it ought to be.

The book will be published first for private circulation and examination, and will probably be out in about two months. The Synod should decide how many copies it will take for this purpose. It will be necessary to pay another year's installment to meet the expense of this publication.

We submit the following recommendations:
1. That the Treasurer of the Literary Fund be instructed to remit as soon as convenient twenty-five dollars to the Treasurer of the Joint Committee.
2. That, as another meeting of the Joint Committee is possible, we continue to cooperate in this revision.
3. That we request fifty of the advance copies of the new version.
4. That all our ministers and members into whose hands this revision may come be urged to give it a careful and candid examination and to send such suggestions as they deem proper to the members of the Committee on Revision.
5. That a Committee of five ministers be appointed to examine this version, to offer suggestions to the Revision Committee and to formulate action on this version to be laid before next Synod.
W. J. COLEMAN
DAVID McALLISTER
T.P. STEVENSON


Excerpt from Committee on Psalmody:
We hold not to a version, but to the inspired text in the best version attainable. Hence we still labor to improve the translation and poetry and rhythm and music with the living soul by living voice.

Our people are properly slow in adopting changes in so sacred a thing as the Songs of Zion. Good a place as it has served, there is room for improvement in the Scottish Version. Light has been thrown on the Hebrew language. Our English vocabulary has been vastly improved since the days of Rouse. All honor to his noble service. But our hopes are that the version now in preparation, by scholars from various denominations, will be nearer the original text and brighter in poetic beauty than any of its antecedents. God has given His people this treasure in Hebrew poetry. It is our part to give it to the Church and the world in good English verse and melody, that it may, as all other sacrifices, return to God, who gave it, in the sacrifice of praise.





1906
Psalmody Revision
The Joint Committee on a Uniform Version of the Psalms in Meter held no meeting during the past year so your committee has nothing in the way of progress to report. The proof copies of the revised version were to have been in your hands shortly after the meeting of Synod, but were not printed and distributed until about October 1st, thus shortening the time for examination. This we regretted, but could in no way avoid.

There is a fair prospect that another meeting of the Joint Committee will be held in which all suggested corrections and emendations may be considered, and your committee has already signified its approval of such a meeting. If any changes are made in the version, it will need to be printed again and some provision should be made to meet the necessary expense. It is quite possible that other churches may take some action providing for the selection of tunes, a matter of no small importance, but as your committee has no definite knowledge of what is proposed for the coming year on this subject, we make no recommendation on this point.

We recommend:
1. That the action of your committee in favoring another meeting of the Joint Committee be approved.
2. That in case the version be further revised the Treasurer of the Literary Fund be authorized at the request of your committee to pay fifteen, or if need be, twenty-five dollars to meet our share of the expense of reprinting, and that he be also authorized as before to have one copy of the revision sent to each minister of the Church.
W.J. Coleman
David McAllister
T.P. Stevenson




REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE TO EXAMINE THE UNIFORM VERSION OF THE PSALMS.
The Special Committee to examine the uniform version of the Psalms respectfully report:
We were "appointed to examine this version, to offer suggestions to the Revision Committee, and to formulate action on this version," to be laid before Synod at this meeting. The Committee on a Uniform Version reported last year that the book would "probably be out in about two months." It was not issued till the fall. Synod had provided for placing copies in the hands of many, with this resolution: "That all our ministers
and members into whose hands this revision may come be urged to give it a careful and candid examination, and to send such suggestions as they deem proper to the members of the Committee on Revision." So we have had helpers in our work of framing a judgment on the version prepared. The Committee on a Uniform Version also reported as follows: "It is uncertain whether the Joint Committee will meet again. We hope that it will, and that it will take advantage of every suggestion that may be offered to make the version all that it ought to be."

We saw that the instructions given to us contemplated the offering of suggestions to the Joint Committee, and action on them by the Joint Committee, and some decision by this Special Committee as to the version as a whole—all within the Synodical year.

We divided up the book into five portions, each of us taking a section for special examination, in addition to a more extended examination of it as a whole. The notes of each of us were gathered up by the chairman and submitted to all the members of the Committee in turn, and the conclusions were the same in general as to the character of the version.

We are now informed that the Joint Committee may meet again, and the Synod is not called upon, therefore, to pass upon the Uniform Version at this time, since it may undergo changes from suggestions given in from various quarters.

We recommend:
1. That action upon the Uniform Version be laid over till next Synod.
2. That all who may have suggestions to submit, place them in the hands of the Revision Committee.
3. That Synod appoint a committee to examine the joint version in its amended form, and report their conclusions to the next Synod.
Respectfully submitted,
D.B Willson
J.A. Black
C.D. Trumbull
F.M. Foster



1907
REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE TO EXAMINE THE UNIFORM VERSION OF THE PSALMS.
The Special Committee to Examine the Uniform Version of the Psalms respectfully report: The situation is much as it was last year, as far as any action to be recommended by your Committee is concerned.

We had reached a unanimous judgment as a Committee on the Version, as submitted in proof last year, that we could not recommend its adoption in its present form, but the matter was laid over owing to the final form of the version not having been reached by the Joint Committee.

There has been no meeting of that Committee within the year, and we have no action therefore to recommend.

With the prospect, however, of a meeting, and at the request of the Chairman of Synod's Committee engaged in the work of revision, we have placed the notes prepared in criticism of the proof in his hands, for such use as the Committee may be able to make of them.

The revision in proof has not been approved by any one of the churches concerned in the preparation of a Uniform Version. It now rests with the Joint Committee to move in the preparation of an amended form. As far as the work originally committed to us is concerned, we believe that our duties are at an end.

From what we can gather, it seems that the question of the new version will present itself to the Synod in a future form with changed conditions, not contemplated in our appointment.

We close our report, therefore, with the recommendation that we be discharged.
D.B. Wilson, chairman
J.A. Black
C.D. Trumbull
F.M. Foster
T.M. Slater


REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON PSALMODY REVISION.
Your Committee would respectfully report that the Joint Committee on the Revision of the Psalms has not held a meeting during the past year. We had expected that the Revision in its present form would come before you for acceptance or rejection at this meeting of Synod, but it appears now that denominational efforts at further revision have been going on during the year and that the results of these efforts are to be considered and reviewed at a meeting of the Joint Committee in the late summer or early fall.

As the Synod has steadily favored every attempt to improve the revised version, we feel that we should not stop at this point, much as we regret the delay, and therefore we recommend:
That the resolutions on this subject adopted at last Synod be reaffirmed.
W. J. Coleman,
David McAllister,
T.P. Stevenson



1908
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON JOINT REVISION OF THE PSALMS.
The Committee on the Uniform Version of the Psalms in meter would respectfully report that, contrary to our expectation a year ago no meeting of the Joint Committee has been held during the past year, but we are now assured that the Committee will meet to complete its work next winter or spring.

There is no sufficient reason why we should decline to co-operate with the effort for a uniform version of the Psalms as long as there is any prospect of progress being made. We therefore recommend that the resolutions of two years ago be reaffirmed.
W. J. COLEMAN,
T. P. STEVENSON.


The following resolutions were adopted:
IMPROVING OUR METRICAL VERSION OF THE PSALMS.
I. As it is important in the highest sense that we have a version of the Psalms on which we can all unite and which will be fairly satisfactory to all the members of the Church, a version that will conserve the old and gain the best of the new, and at the same time be in conformity, as far as possible, with all those who use the Psalms in worship; therefore, Resolved, that taking the old Scottish version as a basis, a Committee be appointed to select not more than fifty Psalms of other than common metres from the new union version, either from the form now before the Church or from the form that may be decided upon during the coming year, these fifty Psalms to be second metres to as many Psalms in the old version, and this Committee to report their selection to the next meeting of Synod.

II. As it is desirable to have as few second versions as possible, and as the common metres of the Psalms in the old version having two versions are seldom used; therefore, Resolved, that in the Psalm book to be prepared one or the other of the metres of the thirteen Psalms in the old version having double metres be omitted.

III. As the old version has some weak points that need strengthening, and as it is a tedious process and not likely to reach satisfactory results to attempt to mend these; therefore, Resolved, that the Committee be authorized, whenever in the judgment of two-thirds of its number better verses of the same metre can be found in the joint version, to replace the defective verse with the corresponding one from the union version.

IV. As the music to which the Psalms are to be sung is of great importance, and as it is grealy to be desired that each Psalm or portion of a Psalm have its own tune; therefore, Resolved that a Committee be appointed to select tunes for this proposed Psalm book to be issued in the form of the old Keys book, the work of this Committee to be also submitted to the next meeting of Synod.

V. As this book will have in it both old and new, as it will have a greater variety than any Psalm book that we have ever had, as it is on lines of uniformity as far as it can be secured, and as it will, we trust, have the best music, solemn, sweet and for the most part, we hope, well tried; therefore, Resolved, that as far as can be accomplished without disturbing the peace of congregations, this proposed Psalm book be urged on the favorable attention of the Church, and that great effort be made to have it published of durable material and at reasonable price.

VI. As it is not desirable to have many versions and forms of the Psalms in use; therefore, Resolved, that as far as may be without inconvenience to the people, other editions of the Psalms be allowed to wait until Synod passes upon the report of these Committees.

VII. Considering the one hundred and nineteenth Psalm as twentytwo; therefore, Resolved, that the Committee be authorized to choose second metres for ten parts in addition to the fifty already provided for.

The Committee on Nominations was instructed to report the names of nine persons to compose the Committee on the selection of metres, and five to compose the Committee on selection of music.



1909
Report of the Joint Revision Committee
The Committee on the Uniform Version of the Psalms respectfully report that the Joint Committee failed to meet this last year, as was expected, but that a final meeting seems to be assured for next September or October, when the work done by the United Presbyterian Committee, and those associated with it, will be taken up for review.

We recommend that the Synod continue to co-operate in this revision.
W. J. COLEMAN.
T. P. STEVENSON.

Accompanying this report was the report of the Joint Committee of American and Canadian Churches, which is as follows:
To the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian church: —
The Joint Committee of American and Canadian churches on a Uniform Version of the Psalms in Meter beg leave to report, that while they hoped this year to announce their work completed, it will require further time to dispose of it satisfactorily. The work, however, has reached a point which will enable the Committee to prepare their final report by October at the latest. In the meantime they ask once more the continuance of representatives from your church.
Wm. J. DEY, Chairman,
J.D. Steele, secretary


The Committee on Selection of Additional Meters of Psalms for a new edition of the Psalter reported. The report was received, adopted and is as follows:

Your Committee on selecting Psalms for a new edition of the Psalter respectfully report that we have accomplished only a part of the work submitted to us by the action of the last Synod.

1. We have chosen the versions which we recommend should be retained where the old Scottish version of the Psalms has two meters, and submit the following list: The 6th L. M.; 25th S. M.; 45th C. M.; 50th S. M.; 67th S. M.; 70th S M.; 100th L. M.; 102nd L. M.; 124th C. M.; 136th 8s, 7s; 143rd 6s; 145th L. M.; 148th H. M.

2. We have chosen mostly from the versions adopted by the Joint Committee and published in 1905, the fifty versions other than common meter, together with the ten parts from the 119th Psalm, which we were to select, and we submit the following list for your approval, with the provision that some changes in this list may be submitted to next Synod if the Committee find that alterations made before that time render these more acceptable: 1st L. M., 6 lines; 2nd 7s; 9th 11s; 13th 7s, 6s; 18th L. M.; 19th H. M.; 21st 12s, 9s; 22nd L. M.; 24th l1s; 29th 12s, lis; 30th 7s, 6s; 33rd C. P. M.; 38th 8s, 7s; 44th lis, (U. P.); 45th S. M.; 49th 7s; 51st 7s (R. P.); 57th L. M.; 61st C. P. M.; 65th 7s, 6s; 67th 7s, 6s; 68th L. M.; 73d L. M. 74th Elegiac; 77th L. M., 6 lines; 79 Elegiac; 80th 10s; 85th L. M.; 91st L. M.; 92nd L. M. 6 lines; 93rd S.M.; 97th L. M.; 98.th 8s, 7s; 101st 7s, 6s; 103rd 8s, 7s; 104th 10s, lis; 108th S. M.; 111th L. M.; 112th L. M.; 113 7s; 119th I. L. M.; II L. M.; VII 8s, 7s; IX lis, 10s; XIV L M; XVI 8s, 7s; XVII L. M.; XIX lis, 8s; XXTI L. M.; 124th 10s; 128th 8s, 7s; 130 10s, 4s; 132nd 9, 8, 9, 8; 137th Elegiac—144; 139th L. M.; 146th 8s, 7s; 147th 7s, 6s; 149th 10s, lis.

Some of these versions need to be amended by the substitution of verses from other renditions. The work of amending the common meter of the old Scottish version, where it is defective, by inserting corresponding verses, has not been entered upon, and is a work requiring much time and care.

It is is now probable that the Joint committee on a uniform version of the Psalms in meter will have a final meeting sometime during the coming year and the way should be left open to take advantage of any results that it may reach.

3. We recommend that a Committee locally situated so that it can conveniently get together, be appointed to carry on and complete the work, that it may be ready for a final action at the next Synod.
4. We recommend also that the power of the Committee be somewhat enlarged in the amending of the common meter of the old version, that it may not only substitute verses of the same meter from other versions where desirable, but in a few instances substitute a whole Psalm in the common meter where some specially good version is found, and on the other hand make verbal changes where a defect may be made good by alteration of a few words.
W. J. COLEMAN,
C. D. TRUMBULL,
T. H. Acheson
W. J. McKnight,
J. A. Black



The committee to select suitable music for the proposed new edition of the Psalter reported. The report was received and approved, and is as follows:

The Committee appointed to make choice of appropriate music for the Psalter respectfully report, that we have completed our work in so far as it relates to the old version of the Psalms.

The task of choosing tunes for the selections made from the new version has not yet been begun.
Respectfully submitted,
R. C. WYLIE,
W. J. COLEMAN,
ROBT. A. M. STEEL,
S. A. S. METHENY,
E. L. DODDS






1910
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON JOINT REVISION OF PSALMS.
The Committee on the Uniform Revision of the Psalms in Meter respectfully report that a meeting of the Joint Commiittee was held in Allegheny, Pa., September 21. 1909, and that four of the nine denominations represented in the Joint Revision had delegates present.

As was anticipated in our last report, the version prepared by the United Presbyterian Committee and those associated with it was taken up and, after a few changes and additions were made, it was submitted by the Joint Committee to the churches.

On account of the frequent and what we regard as needless departures from the text of the inspired Word found in this version, your representatives voted against submitting it to the churches. We held to the position that, allowing for the difficulties of rhythm, rhyme and verse formation, a version of the Psalms in meter should be as faithful to the text as a version in prose.

We regret most sincerely that the Joint Committee has submitted to the churches a version of the Psalms which we cannot accept. This action puts an end for the present, to all our hopes for a uniform version.

In accord with the action of the Synod taken same years ago, Mr. J. S. Tibby sent a copy of this version to every minister of the Church that each one might have it before him for examination.

This report, we understand, will be our last as the Joint Committee does not expect to meet again.

We recommend, that the use of the version of the Psalms submitted by the Joint Committee be not authorized in the Reformed
Presbyterian Church.
W. J. COLEMAN,
T. P. STEVENSON,

The Synod by a unanimous rising vote expressed its high appreciation of the diligence and fidelity with which the Committee discharged the duties with which it was charged. The Committee was discharged.


REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON NEW EDITION OF PSALTER.
The Committee on the selection of Psalms would respectfully report that but few of this Committee were able to give constant attendance on our meetings and that others were present as they were able to come. Your Committee invited the Committee of the Associate Presbyterian church to meet with us, as they are appointed for the same work that we are engaged in. They were present part of the time and were of great assistance.

Your Committee has made a constant study, and for some weeks an almost constant effort to perform to the best of their ability the work committed to their charge. The task was laborious, but absorbing, and we regretted only that we could not bring better ability to the work.

Our work was mainly that of selection and beside the old version we had the version authorized in our church in 1889, the old U. P. version of 1870 and the joint revision of 1905.

Some use was also made of the Irish Presbyterian revision. The prose that we followed was the American Revised Version. The fifty additional meters were carefully reviewed to bring them into the closest possible conformity with the text. The meters other than common in the old version were gone over with all the helps we could secure. Then we reviewed the common meter up to the close of the 73d Psalm. All these have been printed in galley form and sent out to the ministers of the church that they may inspect and be ready to pass upon the work of the Committee. For the business part of this work we are indebted to Mr. Tibby who is a member of the Committee.

We have sought mainly two things in our work: Faithfulness to the text and smoothness of rendering. We believe it to be, as
far as we have gone, "more plain, smooth and agreeable to the text than any heretofore." It is the gathered fruit of years of work by various committees.

We submit the following recommendations:
1. That the work of the Committee be, in general, approved as far as it has gone.
2. That permission be given to remove the minor imperfections that have been discovered since the work was printed.
3. That the present committee be continued to complete the work according to the method which has so far been followed.
4. That the Committee on Selection of Music be authorized to proceed with the publishing of the book of Psalms, the old Keys book being the general model to be followed.
5. That the action of the Committee in printing the Psalms so far as completed and in sending them out for inspection be approved and that the expense be paid out of the Literary Fund.
6. That the actual expenses of the members of the Committee in meeting to carry on this work be paid out of the Literary Fund.
7. That the expense of publishing the Book of Psalms with music be paid out of the Literary Fund, the Treasurer being authorized to enter into equitable arrangements with the Associate Presbyterians in case they decide to join in this publication.
8. That the prayers of the Church be requested for this Committee that its members be guided to wise and faithful decisions in all their work.
W. J. COLEMAN,
A. A. WYLIE,
J. S. THOMPSON,
JAMES S. TIBBY,
ROBT. A. M. STEELE,
T. S. TRUMBULL,
T. H. AOHESON,
W. J. McKNIGHT,
Committee.



REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON SELECTION OF TUNES FOR PSALTER.
The Committee on the selection of tunes for the Psalter presents the following report:

At the meeting of Synod a year ago we reported that selections had been made for the entire old version, and that the only part of our work not then completed was the selection of tunes for the new versions which had not at that time been placed in our hands.

Your Committee met in the Allegheny Reformed Presbyterian Church the last week of December, all the members being present except Edwin L. Dodds. All the work previously done was carefully gone over, and a few changes made. Tunes were also selected for the new versions in so far as the Psalmody Committee had completed this part of its work. There were still a few of these versions not furnished us and for which tunes have not been selected.

It has been the constant aim of your Committee to select only such tunes as can be used by our congregations, and such as will stand the test of constant use for years.

We offer the following recommendations:
1. That the committee be continued for the purpose of completing its work.
2. That S. A. S. Metheny, M. D., be appointed to supervise the preparation of the musical plates of the Psalter and that he be authorized to employ competent assistance in editing the music, the expense to be paid from the Literary Fund.
3. That the expense of R. A. M. Steele in attending the meeting of the committee in May, 1909, in Chicago, amounting to $18.72 be paid out of the Literary Fund.
4. That all our congregations, when the Psalter is published, be urged to secure some competent instructor to train them in congregational singing.

Respectfully, submitted,
R. C. WYLIE,
W. J. COLEMAN,
S. A. S. METHENY,
R. A. M. STEELE,
Of the Committee.

W . J. Coleman and S. A. S. Metheney were appointed to receive suggestions of corrections to or changes in the work of the Committees, as this has appeared or may yet appear in preliminary form, the former as to the words, the latter as to the music.

The Committee was instructed by the Synod to retain the 11s version of the 23rd Psalm, as found in the edition of 1889, in the new Psalter.





1911
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE TO PREPARE A NEW EDITION OF THE BOOK OF PSALMS.
In presenting this, our last report the Committee on Selection of Psalms expresses its regret that we were not able to complete our work in time to have the new edition of the Book of Psalms printed and ready for this meeting of Synod. We made a steady effort, meeting almost every week from the middle of August to the middle of February, with five half day sessions at each meeting, but the work grew on us so that we could not cover the ground at an earlier date. The more we studied the text the more we saw to correct, and we do not now present our work as free from many faults, but as the best that we were able to do. We have sought help from every version within our reach and have earnestly and humbly tried to prepare a version more plain, smooth and agreeable to the text than any heretofore.

After this work was done, our clerk, A. A. Wylie, copied all the book with special attention to punctuation, in which we did our best to hep him, and, embodying all corrections, prepared it for the printer. He with others in the committee has read proof on the work up to the end of Psalm 116, so that the book will soon be ready for binding. The necessity for sending the proofs around to different readers has helped to delay the printers. We owe much to Dr. S. A. S. Metheny who has helped in proof reading and has made many good suggestions.

Those beside the chairman who have taken an active part in this work have been J. S. Thompson, A. A. Wylie, T. H. Acheson and W. J. McKnight. We were also assisted during part of the time, by the Rev. S. B. Houston of the Associate Presbyterian Church. We have constantly sought the blessing of the Lord upon the effort to provide in the best form that which he has given to be sung in his praise. Believing the Psalms to be the word of God, we have reverently tried to adhere closely to the text, even if at some sacrifice of smoothness and grace. Upon the result we invoke God's blessing and your considerate judgment.

We recommend that the expenses incurred by the members of this committee be paid out of the Literary Fund.
W. J. COLEMAN
A. A. WYLIE,
J. S. THOMPSON,
T. H. ACHESON,
W. J. M'KNIGHT.


REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON MUSIC FOR THE NEW PSALTER.
The Committee on the Selection of Music for the Revised Psalter reports that a meeting was held in Philadelphia the latter part of December, 1910. In this meeting the Committee was favored with the presence and invaluable assistance of Professor Clarke, Doctor of Music of the University of Pennsylvania. A large part of the work already done was revised, and selections were made for the new versions which had not formerly been in our hands. It is not necessary for the Committee to make any new recommendations, but attention is called to those adopted last year. A bill of expense amounting to $41.70, was incurred on account of the meeting in Philadelphia which we recommend be paid out of the Literary Fund.

Respectfully submitted,
R. C. WYLIE
W. J. COLEMAN
S. A. S. M E T H E NY
ROBT. A. M. STEELE


REPORT ON PRINTING THE PSALTER
Having been appointed to receive suggestions of corrections to or changes in the work of the Committee of selection of tunes for the Psalter; authorized to secure competent assistance in editing the music and appointed to superintend the preparation of the music plates; we would respectfully report:

1. All suggestions received were referred to the Music Committee at their last meeting and were given careful consideration.

2. We have associated with us, as editor, Hugh A. Clarke, Mus. Doc, Professor of Music in the University of Pennsylvania, a man of scholarly attainment, devout in character and a master in music.

3. The plates for the Psalter are being prepared with all the haste compatible with accuracy. Those for Psalm 119 are now in hand.
S. A. S. METHENY.








1912
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON PRINTING THE PSALTER.
After many vexatious and unavoidable delays, the first edition (1,000 copies) of the 1911 Psalter was issued in September, 1911. The demand for the book was so great that this edition was exhausted in twenty-four hours, and work was immediately started on a second edition of 2,000 copies. This was issued in January, 1912, and lasted but one day. This unprecedented demand was due in great part to judicious notices made from time to time by Mr. Tibby. A third edition will be issued about May 15th which will contain about 2,000 copies. Owing to my illness, the work of this edition devolved upon my secretary, Mr. Charles M. Harris.
Respectfully submitted,
S. A. S. Metheny, Chairman.


Resolved, That the use of the 1911 metrical version of the Psalms in families and congregations be and hereby is authorized by Synod.

 

[markkoller]

Thanks, Logan!

 

[Logan]

This next segment was for two minor revisions of the psalter. A committee was appointed to review the complaints by some of the congregations that the music was difficult for congregations and minor changes to music were made in 1919. Additionally, minor changes for a new edition were made in 1929 (the Green psalter), so minor that the committee formed to make the changes proceeded and published the psalter without Synod review.


1916
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON REVISION OF CHURCH MUSIC.
The committee to which was referred the petition of the Chicago congregation with reference to proposed changes in the 1911 Psalter would respectfully report:

Concerning our Psalter the petition complains that "many of the tunes are not suitable for congregational singing;" that "many of the tunes are not the best calculated to express and interpret our praise;" and believing that "there are a good many congregations that have found the same difficulties, and feel the same concerning the music of the Psalter, the session of the Chicago congregation humbly petition Synod for such changes in the 1911 Psalter as shall more suitably meet the needs of the people for congregational singing."

(The question involved is one of musical taste. Like all the forms of art, music is appreciated according to the personal tastes and individual ideals of the person judging it, so that what is pleasing to one is not always acceptable to all. And just as musical tastes differ a psalter that will give universal and permanent satisfaction is not likely to be obtained. Dissatisfaction on the part of some with whatever music may be adopted is one of the difficulties which may be expected to arise continually in the use of any book to in which the Psalms are set to music.

That the present Psalter is cable of improvement is conceded by all, but in attempting any changes we believe that however urgent may be the demand, and however immediate some may believe the necessity to be, the following considerations should be kept in mind.

First, the Psalter as we now have it is the property of the Church, and the whole church is concerned in any changes that may be made in its music.

Second, opinions differ very radically among those who use the Psalter as to which selections are acceptable, and which, as the petition declares, "are unsuitable for congregational singing," and "are not the best calculated to express and interpret our praise."

Third, any attempt on the part of Synod or any revision committee to make "such changes in the music of the 1911 Psalter as shall more suitably meet the needs of the people for congregational singing" involves as great difficulties as were involved in the making of the Psalter, for which tastes differ as radically as they do. Some one is sure to be disappointed with the results of revision.

Fourth, it is no uncommon thing for a song book to become acceptable, not through a revision of its music, but through a little acquaintance with its merits, better skill in its rendering and a revision of one's own standard of judgment. In no case should any music be discarded until it has been given a fair trial as serving the purposes for which it is intended.

If these principles guide us in any changes that may be made, it is evident that the work of revision must proceed deliberately and with a due regard to the interests of all the parties concerned and all of the questions involved.

We therefore recommend that a Revision Committee be appointed to ascertain if the things mentioned in the petition be true and to whom all proposed changes in the Psalter shall be submitted, designating the music to which objection is made and suggesting the substitution desired, and report to next Synod.
T. M. SLATER, Chairman,
D. H. ELLIOTT,
A A. WYLIE,
R. J. BOLE,
J. C. FRENCH,
J. WALKER WILSON.



1918
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON REVISION OF MUSIC OF THE BOOK OF PSALMS.
The Committee on Revision of the Music of "The Book of Psalms" would respectfully report:

After careful observation has been made and many letters have been received covering the subject of the music of the 1911 Book of Psalms, your committee is convinced that, the Book of Psalms as it now stands is not giving satisfaction throughout
the church.

There are certain facts that we need to face:
1. Only a part of our congregations are now using the 1911 Psalter.
2. Many who are using this book are not using all the tunes which the book suggests.
3. A very small proportion of our congregations is now holding regular meetings for the purpose of studying the music of this Book of Psalms
4. Some of the tunes after a fair trial have proven to be too difficult for congregational singing in many of our congregations.

There are certain aims which we desire to attain:
1. To secure an acceptance of the Book of Psalms by all the congregations
2. To meet the objections that are most common and make such changes as will bring our congregations closer together.

This is entirely plausible and possible. There are tunes well known and acceptable to the churches which are not in the present Psalter and which could be substituted for some in the book which are not generally used and probably never will be used to any extent.

For example, among the available L.M. tunes are the following:
Baca. Creation. Missionary Chant, Sweet Hour of Prayer.

Among the common meter, Abbeyville, Bernard, Boardman, Boynton, Caddo, Cherith, Chimes, City of Our God, Cooling, Coventry Croydon Davida. Elizabethtown, Garby, Grafton, New Jerusalem, Arlington, Nason's Chant, etc.

Short meter: Ferguson, Gerar, Greenwood and Luther. Or 6's and 4's Bethany. Or 6's D. I Need Thee Every Hour. Or 7's, Autumn or Nettleton.

These and others like them have been sung well and are generally known throughout the church, and we believe are still
generally acceptable.

With these facts before it, your committee deems it wise to make the following recommendations:

That a committee be appointed to take under advisement the reconsideration of the following tunes and submit substitutions where considered adviseable to next Synod:

[list of tunes]

These and such others as Synod may designate and as your committee after carefully canvassing the church, shall deem it necessary to suggest for revision.
2. That Synod set apart one evening for the consideration of the tunes that will be submitted to it as substitutes for the above tunes.
D. BRUCE MARTIN,
J. C. FRENCH,
D. H. ELLIOTT,
A. A. WYLIE.




1919
REPORT OF THE MUSIC REVISION COMMITTEE.
The Revision Committee would respectfully report:
Your committee has endeavored to ascertain the mind of the entire Church in the matter of Church music. It has tried to keep in mind the possibility that this book may come into use in other denominations. It has considered each tune in the Psalter and would make the following recommendations:

FIRST, that the following changes be made:
[List of tune suggestions and psalm numbers]

2. That the committee be given the privilege of making a limited number of additional changes in the music of this 1919
edition.

3. That 2,000 copies of this edition be printed and left in the hands of Mr. James S. Tibby for sale and that 2,000 copies of the new tunes be printed separately for use in the present edition.

4. That we recommend this book to all our congregations.

5. That a committee of 3 be appointed to attend to the editing of this edition of the BOOK OF PSALMS.

Respectfully submitted,
D. BRUCE MARTIN
ROBT. A. M. STEELE
A. A. WYLIE
D. H. ELLIOTT
JOHN C. FRENCH






1920
The Committee appointed to publish the new edition of the Book of Psalms has completed its work. Two thousand copies have been published and are on sale at Greeley, Colorado, Pittsburgh and Philadelphia.

On the advice of printers and binders and after consulting with several of our members, the additional tunes to be put in the old books were not printed.

Dr. S. A. S. Metheny found it impossible to assist in this work and the committee was reorganized and the second member of the Committee was elected to lead in this work.

Inasmuch as the Synod of 1919 has ordered the changes made and this "edition printed the Committee suggest that, as far as possible, the new tunes be used in the meetings of Synod.
D. BRUCE MARTIN, Chairman.



1928
The report on the Literary Fund was submitted by J. S. Tibby and referred to the Committee on Finance. The item with reference to a new edition of the Psalter was referred to the Committee on Nominations, to name a committee of seven to consider changes in tunes, index, etc.

Committee to arrange for a new edition of the Psalter:
D. B. Martin, Chairman, A. A. Wylie, J. Boyd Tweed, J. K. Robb, R. A. M. Steele, Mrs. J. G. Reed, Mrs. S. E. Greer. We recommend that this committee be empowered to make such changes as they deem necessary and to publish the next edition of the Psalter; that they be directed to revise and enlarge the Index, and that they be directed to provide 100 copies in special red binding for the use of Synod; that all expenses connected with the publication be drawn from the Literary Fund.




1929
NEW EDITION OF THE PSALTER
The Committee appointed to prepare and publish the new edition of the Psalter would respectfully report:

Two thousand copies have been published, one hundred of these have been bound in red cloth and red leather for the exclusive use of Synod and similar meetings.

The Topical Index has been enlarged and other changes made with a view to making the book more useful and attractive.

Copyright privileges were secured from the Hope Publishing Co., and also from the United Presbyterian Board of Publication for the use of their music. Your committee was fortunate in being able to secure the service of Mr. C. Austin Miller as proof reader and of Mr. Irwin G. Casper in making the plates.

As the present edition is almost exhausted and that another edition will soon have to be published the committee suggests that all those who have noticed typographical errors report same to Mr. James S. Tibby, 209 9th Street, Pittsburgh, Pa., so they may be corrected in the new edition.
Respectfully submitted,
D. BRUCE MARTIN, Chairman
A. A. WYLIE
ROBERT A. M. STEELE
J. BOYD TWEED
MRS. J.G. REED
J. K. ROBB
MRS. S. E. GREER

 

[Kaalvenist]

One important point of clarification: The "Minutes of Reformed Presbytery of America," etc., was published by the General Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church (New Lights), the body that broke from us in 1833. They are not from the Minutes of our Synod.

I imagine that you read this from Archives Home. I've told the administrator(s) of that website several times that they ought to add an explanatory note, that everything from 1833 onward in that document is not part of our ecclesiastical history.

 

[Logan]

Thank you Sean, I didn't know that. There was very little in that one digest file anyway so I think only my first post pulled from that, the rest have been pulled from our actual Synod minutes. I'm going back now and looking at the Reformed Presbyterian and Covenanter to get older Synod minutes. Should be done soon.

 

[Logan]

Bumping this before it gets locked, I hope to pick this up again within the next month or so.

 

[Wayne]

Have you thought about writing an article from all this research?

If nothing else, post a blog page here on the PB.

A blog page should also allow you to add some photos, if so desired.

 

[Logan]

Yes, I think I will summarize my findings in some sort of an article, which I hope to share here.

 

[Logan]

One more bump (D.V.), I'm waiting for one more resource to arrive in the mail.